TU3.R2.2

New Bounds on Quantum Sample Complexity of Measurement Classes

Mohsen Heidari, Indiana University, United States; Wojciech Szpankowski, Purdue University, United States

Session:
Quantum Shannon Theory 2

Track:
6: Quantum Information and Coding Theory

Location:
Ypsilon I-II-III

Presentation Time:
Tue, 9 Jul, 14:45 - 15:05

Session Chair:
Mario Berta, RWTH Aachen
Abstract
This paper studies quantum supervised learning for classical inference from quantum states. In this model, a learner has access to a set of labeled quantum samples as the training set. The objective is to find a quantum measurement that predicts the label of the unseen samples. The hardness of learning is measured via sample complexity under a quantum counterpart of the well-known \ac{PAC}. Quantum sample complexity is expected to be higher than classical one, because of the measurement incompatibility and state collapse. Recent efforts showed that the sample complexity of learning a finite quantum concept class $\mathcal{C}$ scales as $O(\abs{\mathcal{C}})$. This is significantly higher than the classical sample complexity that grows logarithmically with the class size. This work improves the sample complexity bound to $O(V_{\mathcal{C}^*}\log |\mathcal{C}^*|)$, where $\mathcal{C}^*$ is the set of extreme points of the convex closure of $\mathcal{C}$ and $V_{\mathcal{C}^*}$ is the \textit{shadow-norm} of this set. We show the tightness of our bound for the class of bounded Hilbert–Schmidt norm, scaling as $O(\log |\mathcal{C}^*|)$. Our approach is based on a new quantum ERM algorithm equipped with a shadow tomography method.
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